The underground cities in Cappadocia are a fascinating part of the region’s history and culture. While there is no clear evidence of when or by whom these cities were built, it is believed that they were used as early as the Hittite period (circa 1800-1200 BCE) and later by early Christians as a way to hide from persecution.
The underground cities of Cappadocia are known for their impressive depth, with some reaching over 80 meters below the surface. They were constructed using the soft volcanic tuff rock found in the region, which made it easier to carve out rooms, tunnels, and even ventilation systems. Some of the underground cities have multiple levels and are estimated to have housed thousands of people at a time, with designated areas for living quarters, stables, kitchens, and places of worship.
Today, several of these underground cities are open to the public, allowing visitors to explore their tunnels and rooms and get a sense of what life might have been like for those who lived there centuries ago. Among the most famous underground cities are Derinkuyu, Kaymakli, and Ozkonak, each with its unique features and architectural styles. A visit to the underground cities is a must-do for anyone interested in Cappadocia’s rich history and unique culture.
